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"Clarke, John Innes"
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Two convicted of race hate killing
TWO men were convicted at the Old Bailey in London yesterday for the unprovoked racist killing three years ago of a black musician, Michael Menson, amid criticism of police bungling of the case. Mr Menson, 30, was robbed, assaulted, taunted and abused before being turned into a human torch by his attackers. He died after suffering burns which covered 30 per cent of his body. Police at first failed to treat Mr Menson's death as murder, believing he set fire to himself. But by the time that he died in February 1997, he had told four family members and friends from his hospital bed that he had been attacked. Yet it took police nearly two years before officers finally agreed with what the family had always maintained - that he had been killed by a violent racist gang.
Newspaper Article
A Randomized Trial of Diagnostic Techniques for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is an important cause of nosocomial complications. This large, multicenter study compared the usefulness in guiding therapy of two diagnostic approaches for ventilator-associated pneumonia: bronchoalveolar lavage with quantitative culture and endotracheal aspiration with nonquantitative culture. Clinical outcomes such as the 28-day mortality rate and overall use of antimicrobial agents were similar with the two strategies.
This study compared two diagnostic approaches for ventilator-associated pneumonia: bronchoalveolar lavage with quantitative culture and endotracheal aspiration with nonquantitative culture. Clinical outcomes were similar with the two strategies.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia develops in approximately 20% of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
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Patients in whom ventilator-associated pneumonia develops have a higher mortality rate, stay longer in the intensive care unit (ICU), and require more resources than those without the disease.
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Previous studies have documented that reliance on the results of endotracheal aspiration frequently leads to misclassification of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Bronchoscopy with quantitative culture of bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid or of specimens collected through a protected brush catheter may yield superior diagnostic information. However, in the absence of a reference standard for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia, the true . . .
Journal Article
Host range of a plant pathogenic fungus determined by a saponin detoxifying enzyme
Antifungal saponins occur in many plant species and may provide a preformed chemical barrier to attack by phytopathogenic fungi. Some fungal pathogens can enzymatically detoxify host plant saponins, which suggests that saponin detoxification may determine the host range of these fungi. A gene encoding a saponin detoxifying enzyme was cloned from the cereal-infecting fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis. Fungal mutants generated by targeted gene disruption were no longer able to infect the saponin-containing host oats but retained full pathogenicity to wheat (which does not contain saponins). Thus, the ability of a phytopathogenic fungus to detoxify a plant saponin can determine its host range
Journal Article